Russia, Jochid Ulus, Jani Beg Khan, AR Dirhem, 1352 AD, Gulistan, Zeno-18819

Description

This coin was issued under
Jani Beg
Mahmud Khan (AH 742-758,
1341-1357 AD
),
Blue Horde of Western Kipchak,
Golden Horde
,
Jochi Ulus
in present-day western Russia.
It was minted in AH 753 (
1352 AD
) in
Gulistan City
in Volga Basin.
Jochi Ulus
is also known as
Kipchak Khanate
or as
Golden Horde.
It was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate.
It was the northwestern sector of
Mongol Empire.
After the death of
Batu ibn Jochi
(AH 621-653, 1224-1255 AD), the founder
of
Jochi Ulus
, the
dynasty
flourished  until 1359 AD.
The Ulus's military
power peaked
during the reign of
Ghiyath al din
Mohammed
Uzbeg Khan
(AH 712-742, 1312-1341 AD).
The territory of Jochi Ulus at
its
peak extended
from
Siberia
and
Central
Asia
to parts
of
Eastern Europe
from the
Urals
to the
Danube
in the west, and
from the
Black Sea
to the
Caspian
Sea
in the south,
The khanate experienced violent internal
political disorder
beginning in
1359
, before it briefly
reunited (1381-1395)
under
Toqtamish
.
However, soon after the
1396 invasion of Timur
, the founder of Timurid Empire,
Jochi Ulus broke
into small Tatar
khanates.
Jani Beg
was a khan of the
Jochid Ulus
(Golden Horde)
from 1342 to 1357
. After putting two of his brothers to death,
Jani Beg crowned himself in Saray-Juk.
He is known to have
actively interfered
in the affairs of
Rus principalities
and of
Lithuania
.  The Grand Prince of
Moscow, Simeon Gordiy and Ivan II, were under constant political and military pressure from Jani Beg.
Jani Beg commanded a massive
Black Sea regional Tatar
force that attacked the Italian coastal city,
Kaffa, in 1343
.
The siege was lifted by an Italian relief force.
In 1345,
Jani Beg again
besieged Kaffa
, however, his assault was
again unsuccessful due to an outbreak of the
Black Plague
among his troops.  Jani Beg's army catapulted infected
corpses into Kaffa in an attempt to use the Black Death to weaken the defenders.
Infected Genoese sailors subsequently sailed from Kaffa to Genoa, Messina, and Constantinople, introducing the
Black Death into Europe.
[The above explanations are quoted from Wikipedia etc.]
I will attach a public domain image of Jani Beg, from "Montage of 8 pages of the original 1375 Catalan Atlas".
Do you find out the image of the khan in the montage of eight pages ?
Silver Dirhem.
Clearly struck and well preserved.
Catalog number is MI
-1526 and Zeno-18819.
MI catalogue is "Oriental coins and their values, The World of Islam.",
written by Michael Mitchiner,
published by Hawkins Publications
in London in 1977.
Zeno on line catalogue is "Zeno. Ru - Oriental Coins Database".
Size : 15 x 14 mm.      Weight : 1.42 gr.
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