LOT OF 9 SILVER COINS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE______From the 17th to 19th Centuries

Description

16A55
FRASCATIUS ANCIENTS
9 BEAUTIFUL SILVER COINS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE MINTED IN THE 17TH TO 19TH CENTURIES AD .
THE 9 SILVER COINS IN THE PHOTO ARE THE EXACT 9 SILVER COINS YOU WILL RECEIVE.
THESE COINS WERE MADE VERY FLAT AND THIN, TO GIVE THE MOST IMPOSING DISPLAY FOR THE LEAST EXPENDITURE OF SILVER.
THE SIZES RANGE FROM ABOUT 12 TO 14 MM AND 0.1 TO 0.25 GRAMS.
WHY ARE MANY OF THESE COINS HOLED?
One of the first questions that many people ask when looking at or discussing the coinage of the Ottoman Empire is why there are so many Ottoman coins found with holes in them. While there are many possible causes for a coin being holed, the answer for the vast majority of holed Ottoman coins lies in the traditions of one of the most beautiful, sacred and joyous aspects of Ottoman culture, and that is marriage.
In the Ottoman Empire, few occasions were as joyous or heavily celebrated as a marriage. Ottoman marriage customs and ceremonies were quite unique, as are many Ottoman cultural aspects, as they were a blend of the many cultures that composed the Ottoman Empire, those that preceded it such as the Byzantine Empire.
As we come to the dressing of the bride, we begin to approach the issue of the prevalence of those holed Ottoman coins. It was a long standing tradition for the bride to wear jewelry and other ornamentation made up of actual circulating coinage. This is where many Ottoman coins gained their holes, from being pierced by jewelers and relatives of brides, using the money given by family and friends to the couple to make the ornaments that the bride would wear on her wedding day. Smaller coins would be used for headdresses and bracelets while larger coins would be used for belts. These ornaments were not meant to be permanent. They were the monetary gifts to the new couple to be used to start their new lives together, so most of these holed coins did find their way back into circulation. The coins typically used for most Ottomans for this were silver issues, but gold coins were also utilized if members of the family could afford to make such gifts.
THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
The Ottoman Empire was created by Turkish tribes in Anatolia (Asia Minor) and grew to be one of the most powerful states in the world during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. The Ottoman period spanned more than 600 years and came to an end only in 1922, when it was replaced by the Turkish Republic and various successor states in southeastern Europe and the Middle East. At its height the empire encompassed most of southeastern Europe to the gates of Vienna, including present-day Hungary, the Balkan region, Greece, and parts of Ukraine; portions of the Middle East now occupied by Iraq, Syria, Israel, and Egypt; North Africa as far west as Algeria; and large parts of the Arabian Peninsula.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was a multinational, multilingual empire controlling most of Southeast Europe, parts of Central Europe, Western Asia, parts of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus, North Africa and the Horn of Africa. At the beginning of the 17th century, the empire contained 32 provinces and numerous vassal states. Some of these were later absorbed into the Ottoman Empire, while others were granted various types of autonomy during the course of centuries.
With Constantinople as its capital and control of lands around the Mediterranean basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the center of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds for six centuries. The empire continued to maintain a flexible and strong economy, society and military throughout the 17th and much of the 18th century. However, during a long period of peace from 1740 to 1768, the Ottoman military system fell behind that of their European rivals, the Habsburg and Russian empires. The Ottomans consequently suffered severe military defeats in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, which prompted them to initiate a comprehensive process of reform and modernization known as the Tanzimat. Thus, over the course of the 19th century, the Ottoman state became vastly more powerful and organized, despite suffering further territorial losses, especially in the Balkans, where a number of new states emerged.
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